Refrigerating apparatus



Jan. 5 1926.

P. FISCHBACHER REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed March 16 Patented an, 5, 19126. I

' minar Nachnamen, or aumen?, .-rnLINora44 mnienaa'rme APPARATUS.

' To all 'whomft' may concern:

Be it known that I,

' a citizen o f the -United States, residing at g stroke andwhich without the use of stuiiing' Aboxes will prevent lthe Yescape of refrigerat-- the aring parts are readily accessiblefor Quincy, inthe county of Adams. and State of Illinois, have invented certain new .and

useful Improvements in Refrigerating Apparatus, of which the. following` is a lspeciication. The present invention relates to refrigerating apparatus.

More particularly the present invention. relates to machinery for compressing refrigerating medium and has for one of its ,o

'jects the provision of a construction which will be very little subject to wear and leaks.'-

A further object isjto 'provide' a' construcf tion of refrigerating machine which is cheap to manufacture and in which thenumber of operating parts is reduced to a 20 A further object is to provide a compressor plant Which'will be compact and .which will economize space. f

A further .object is vto provide a refrigerating machine provided with a reciprocating va v ed piston which will perform compressive duties on v'both forward and back ing medium.v 30

A further object is to provide an eicient com ressor of simple construction in which inspection and repairs.I

Further. objects. will appear as the description proceeds.

The one f1 e of the drawing is a sec- .tional view ustrating-one embodiment of thepres'ent invention.

The numeral-1 indicates a casing, which may beo'f 'cast-metalfand which is formed.'

at lts lower ortionvtoprovidel a chamber 2, which may ave an inlet 2". The chamber v2 prcovides a receptacle for a condensing coil- 3.-' vThecondensing coil '3 may be inserted or removed through the removable wall-11ol cated at onel side ofv the casing.

Surmounting the chambe 2 -is the chamber .5, which is separated' m the chamber 2 vby theM intervening Iwall 6. The chamber 5,das .will bereferred to hereinafteiy'- rol 'v1 esa y reggtaclefor certain mechanic o erating m and may contains.' supp y of lubricant. p

The chamber 5 has the wall 7 ,which -wall is spaced from the wall of casing 1 to prowith the outlet 8.

' trallyf pla vide a space 8, which has communication with chamber 2. Said' space 8 isprovided Within the chamber ,5 wall 6 and wall 7 are supporting means for a sleeve 9. Saidsleeve 9 is supportednear one end b .the abutment 10 and near the other end y the abutment 11. The abut- `provided .by I. zthe ments 10 and 11 and the wall 7 are lformed vto provide cylindrical bosses 12 12, the

left-hand sides-of which, as viewed-in the drawing',lare shouldered as indicatedby the numerals 12.-12 fora purpose which will later appear.

To the left ofthe chamber 5, as indicated in the drawing,'the casing j1 is provided .with a portionjsuitable for the mounting of an electric motor 13., Said electric motor .may be provided with a. pulley 13', which,

by means -of belt 14, may drive the pulley 15. The pulley 15 drives a shaft 16, which -may be mounted in bearings in the casing 5 and housingll. The shaft 16 may be provided'with the 4crank disk 17, 4which may drive the connecting rod 18, said connecting rod 18 bein preferably connected to said crank disk 1 by means of ball or rolier bearings. f

` The removable sleeve 9 should preferably be of very hard metal, whereby to eiectually resistthe effect of wear'. 4Said .sleeve 9 -is .provided with the piston 19, which piston 19 may be fitted-to the cylinder 8 by means of slip rings 20-20. or other suitable gastight fittings.' The piston 19 is provided with atransversely extending pin 20', which may be held on said piston by means o1 a nut 21. Said pin 20- vextends through a Ion- =gitudinal slot 22 in the wall 7 which slot interior of the piston 19 is hollow, which hollow space has communication in all positions of-thxpiston with a substantially ceny aperture 25 .in the. sleeve 9. 'Theaperture 25 has communication throug? the opening-26 ,and pipe A27 with a` spp paratus.

lof refrigerating medium, which, inpractice,

sleeve 9. The sleeve 9 is surrounded near.

its left-hand end, as viewed in the figure of the drawing, by a sleeve 32. Said sleeve -provides an abutment means'for preventing endwise movement of sleeve 9 and is'itself held in place by means of'l the removable collar 33. The dividing line between sleeve 9 and collar 33 is indicated by the numeral 33. As will be clear from the drawing, the abutting relation -is accomplished by reason of co-operation between the shouldered por-v tions 12-12 of bosses 12#12, the sleeve 32 andcorresponding shouldered portions4 'of said sleeve 9. The sleeve 32 is provided with a port 34, which port 34 communicates with a similar port in the wall 7 through which communication is had with a conduit 35. At the right hand end of the apparatus, as shown in Figure 1', the port'34 in the wall 7 also provides communication to the conduit 35. i

Mounted at the end of the casing 5 is the .receiver 36, which receiver 36 has communication with the conduit35 at a point spaced materially from the top of casing 36.

Mounted vertically within the casing 36 is the pipe 37, which extends to a point mate- A the coil 3'of rially above the point of communication with conduit. 35. Said pipe 37, which is closely sealed to casing 36, leads to the valve 38,., By reason of the construction of casing 36 and pipe 37, any fluid which may venter conduit 35 and casing 36 is separated from the gaseous refrigerating medium,

said fluid being removed from casing -36 through the connection 38. 'Al pressure gauge-39 may be provided for indicating fthe." ressure ofthe gas in the casing 36, whic 1s the 4high pressure side. of the system.4

The flow of a te lower kpart of the ap aratusvis controlled by means of the vail) 3, said valve'being controllable by means of the handle 40.V 'An outletrom the cooling coil 3A is shown at 41.

In operation, cooling the chamber 2through the inlet 2.v .Inasmuchas chamber 2 has communication with s. from the casing 36A intoV vev 38, which connects Awith the condensing coil-- Huid wai-sqw am the sleeve 9, whichsurrounds the piston 19,

the cooling eect of the fluid will be communicated to said piston andato the gas beingcompressed thereby. The cooling fluid after having performed its cooling functions will'pbedischa-rged through the outlet' 8. The pipe 27 is connected to the low pressure side of a refrigerating systennthe high pressure side of the systembein'g con;

lnected to the outlet pipe 41 leading from the condensing coil v3. Operation 'of the motor 12 will result in rotation of the crank disk 17, thereby producing a reciprocatingv movement of piston 19. When said piston 19 is moved in a direction toward the left, as viewed in the figure of .the drawing, the

right hand valve 23 will be opened against the pressure of spring 24 due to the reduction of pressure in the chamber to the rlght of the right hand valve 23. Gas will'pass. .through pipe 27, opening 26, port 25, into the interior of piston 19, past the right hand `valve 23` to the space between said valve-and the 'righi hand valve 29. At'this'timethe left hand end of the piston is exerting al upon the gas at the left compressive force Y'Vhen the` plston' 19 'has of said piston.

reached` the limit of its travel. toward the Y lr-l' and has started on its-movement toward the right, the compression of the gas'in' the chambers to theright of the right hand valvc 23 will cause valve 29 to be moved 'from its seat, uncovering the corresponding ports 29. leirigerating medium passing from ports 29 will pass through the port 34 into conduit 35 and will be delivered into casing 36, from which'said medium mayl pass into the condensing coil 3. In its movement toward the right, the piston 19 hasV tended to form a vacuum to the left-of' the left hand valve 23, causingthe opening of said left hand valve'23. efrigeratin medium from pipe 27 4will pass throng opening 26,' port 25 and hollow piston, past said left hand valve 23 into the chamber to the left of'. said left hand 'valve 23. It will be clear, therefore, thatreciprocation ofthe piston 19 4will dra-w refrigerating'medium alternately 'into the 4spaces at the ends of said piston, said gas .being compressed on the return' stroke -and delivered to conduit 35, from which itis discharged into casing 36.. The parts should .preferably be so designed that the space between the ends of the pistons and the corresponding valves 29 should-be reduced substantially to zero when the valves 29-29 are positioned to uncover the ports 31. By reason of this structure each ofthe valves 29 will closely. follow the piston 19 onfits recedingstroke and a comf plete expulsion of gasesin the sleeve- 9 e accomplished f on every .compression stroke.

By reason ofthe construction provided,ra I

single double-acting piston serves to lll press the refrigerating medium at each half.

revolution of the operating crank disk. The operating mechanism for driving the piston may operate in a bath of lubricant, which may have a level above the bearings for the shaft 16. inasmuch as all the other joints through which air may enter the compressor are between relatively fixed parts, and inasmuch as the lubricant 1n chamber 5 will eicctnally act as an air seal, the leakage of air or refrigerating medium is edectually pre` vented.- rlhe device is very compact and the cooling medium is utilized to the fullest advantage, not only in cooling thecondensing coil 3 but in cooling the operating piston i9 and the gas compressed thereby.

Though a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, it is to be understood that said embodiment is to be construed in an illustrative and not in a limiting sense. Many modifications and many changes in detail will occur tov those skilled in the art. it is intended to cover all such modifications that fall within the scope of the invention as delined by the A viding abutment means for one of said cyfirst mentioned lindrical sleeve, a second cylindrical sleeve encircling said first mentioned sleeve and having a utting relationship with the'other end of said first mentioned sleeve, cooperating ports in said sleeve, a piston Within said sleeve and transmitting mechanism for communicating reciprocating `n1otion to said piston, said piston and said first mentioned sleeve being provided with cooperating valves, said valve in said sleeve being adapted Vto control vsaid ports, said transmitting mechanism, piston and valves being so proportioned that said piston at a limit of 'its travel reduces to substantially zero the space between said Valves when said valve uncovers in said sleeve the port in said first mentioned sleeve.

2. Apparatus of the class described prol riding, in combination, a casing for cooling medium, said casing being provided with inner walls providing a chamber, a cylindrical sleeve supported Within said chamber, said inner Walls being provided with abutment means for abutting against one end of said cylindrical sleeve, a second cylindrical sleeve encircling said nrst mentioned sleeve and having abutting relation with a shouldered portion adjacent to the other end of said first mentioned cylindrical' sleeve, said cylindrical sleeveV being readily removable' from said chamber, readily removable means for holding said sleeves in position, said sleeves being lprovided with cooperating ports.

3. Apparatus of the class described providing, in combination, a. casing for cooling medium, said casing being provided with inner Walls providing a chamber, a cylindri cal sleeve supported Within said chamber,

said inner walls being provided with abut-4 ment means for abutting against one end of said cylindrical sleeve, a second cylindrical sleeve encircling said rst mentioned sleeve and having abutting relation with a shouldered portion adjacent to the other end of said first mentioned cylindrical sleeve,

said cylindrical sleeve being readily removable from said chamber, readily removable means for holding said sleeves in position, said sleeves being provided with cooperating ports, a piston Within said first mentioned sleeve, said piston being provided with an outwardly opening valve in an end thereof, said sleeve being provided with an outwardly opening valve in one of its ends, said sleeve valve being adapted to open communication between said piston and said chamber through said ports, actuating mechanism for said piston, said actuating mechanism, piston and valves being so proportioned that said piston at the limits of its Y travel reduces to substantially zero the space between said sleeve valve and said piston valve when said sleeve valve opens communication to saidl ports.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 13th day of March, 1923.

PHILIP FISCHBACHER.

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